Orignal Article To determine the frequency of clostridium difficile infection in antibiotic associated diarrhea.
Keywords:
Clostridium difficleAbstract
Abstract:
Objective: To determine the frequency of clostridium difficile infection in antibiotic associated diarrhea.
Study Design: Cross sectional study, Descriptive
Setting: Department of Gastroenterology, outpatient clinic and ward, AIMC/ Jinnah Hospital, Lahore
Duration of Study: Study was carried out over a period of eighteen months from 23 May 2019 to 23 November 2020.
Material and Methods: 234 patients fulfilling the selection criteria were enrolled in the study from outpatient department and ward of Gastroenterology, Jinnah Hospital Lahore. Informed verbal consent was obtained and patients were subjected to focused history and physical examination as well as their demographic details was recorded. Antibiotic taken by patient were documented. Antibiotic was withdrawn and patient was treated per hospital protocol. Stool culture was sent for all patient to see CDI. Patient was labelled as CDI positive if stool culture is positive. All this information was recorded on predesigned annexure.
Results:Out of 234 cases of antibiotic induced diarrhea; Mean Age was 55 ±13 years years (minimum was 27 and maximum was 66 years) 56% cases were male and 44% cases were female, 28.6% cases had age ˂ 50 years and 71.4% cases had age ≥ 50 year, 54.7% cases used Beta-Lactam antibiotics and 45.3% cases used non- Beta-Lactam antibiotics, 68.4% cases had Bristol grade 6 and 31.6% cases had Bristol grade 7. Out of 234 cases of antibiotic associated diarrhea; 43.6% cases had CD infection and 56.4% cases had No CD infection. Stratification 0f CDI was done with regards to age groups, Gender, type of antibiotic used and Bristol grade; p-value was found to be 0.35, 0.41, 0.4 and 0.03 respectively.
CONCLUSIONS: Majority of patients of antibiotic induced diarrhea were male, had older age, used Beta-lactam antibiotics, had Bristol grade 6 and had non-CD infection. Regarding CD infection; it was more common in older age, female gender and Beta-lactam antibiotic users; but associations were not significant. However CD infection was more common in antibiotic induced diarrhea of Bristol grade 7 and the association was significant.
Keywords: Antibiotic associated diarrhea, Clostridium difficile infection, Bristol grade
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